The exterior measure, outer measure.

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I am struggling with this proof:



enter image description here



If for a fixed $epsilon$ we choose for each j a cube $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$ and such that $$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



Then I have a struggle with the following:

My assumption is(please let me know if I am wrong!)



If $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$, then $left| Q_jright|<=left|S_jright|$



Now if that assumption is correct:



then choose $a=left|S_jright|$



and $b=left|Q_jright|$



Now if
$$a leq (1+e) b$$ for all e>0



then $$a leq b$$



proof: assume the opposite: $$b <a$$
then a-b>0, so we can choose $epsilon=a-b$



it the follows that $$a leq b$$ and we end up with a contradiction.



In other words:



$$left|S_jright|<=left| Q_jright|$$



Therefore,



$$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



holds for a particular e and not for all if $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$



But this is then used later on in the proof, where they conclude with since e is arbitrary, but I have just shown that the equation does not hold for all e, and hence e is not arbitrary.



What am I doing wrong?







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This question has an open bounty worth +50
reputation from ALEXANDER ending ending at 2018-08-11 01:49:01Z">in 3 days.


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  • @ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
    – ALEXANDER
    Aug 1 at 23:26










  • I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
    – Theoretical Economist
    Aug 4 at 3:53














up vote
0
down vote

favorite












I am struggling with this proof:



enter image description here



If for a fixed $epsilon$ we choose for each j a cube $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$ and such that $$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



Then I have a struggle with the following:

My assumption is(please let me know if I am wrong!)



If $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$, then $left| Q_jright|<=left|S_jright|$



Now if that assumption is correct:



then choose $a=left|S_jright|$



and $b=left|Q_jright|$



Now if
$$a leq (1+e) b$$ for all e>0



then $$a leq b$$



proof: assume the opposite: $$b <a$$
then a-b>0, so we can choose $epsilon=a-b$



it the follows that $$a leq b$$ and we end up with a contradiction.



In other words:



$$left|S_jright|<=left| Q_jright|$$



Therefore,



$$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



holds for a particular e and not for all if $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$



But this is then used later on in the proof, where they conclude with since e is arbitrary, but I have just shown that the equation does not hold for all e, and hence e is not arbitrary.



What am I doing wrong?







share|cite|improve this question













This question has an open bounty worth +50
reputation from ALEXANDER ending ending at 2018-08-11 01:49:01Z">in 3 days.


The current answers do not contain enough detail.















  • @ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
    – ALEXANDER
    Aug 1 at 23:26










  • I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
    – Theoretical Economist
    Aug 4 at 3:53












up vote
0
down vote

favorite









up vote
0
down vote

favorite











I am struggling with this proof:



enter image description here



If for a fixed $epsilon$ we choose for each j a cube $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$ and such that $$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



Then I have a struggle with the following:

My assumption is(please let me know if I am wrong!)



If $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$, then $left| Q_jright|<=left|S_jright|$



Now if that assumption is correct:



then choose $a=left|S_jright|$



and $b=left|Q_jright|$



Now if
$$a leq (1+e) b$$ for all e>0



then $$a leq b$$



proof: assume the opposite: $$b <a$$
then a-b>0, so we can choose $epsilon=a-b$



it the follows that $$a leq b$$ and we end up with a contradiction.



In other words:



$$left|S_jright|<=left| Q_jright|$$



Therefore,



$$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



holds for a particular e and not for all if $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$



But this is then used later on in the proof, where they conclude with since e is arbitrary, but I have just shown that the equation does not hold for all e, and hence e is not arbitrary.



What am I doing wrong?







share|cite|improve this question











I am struggling with this proof:



enter image description here



If for a fixed $epsilon$ we choose for each j a cube $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$ and such that $$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



Then I have a struggle with the following:

My assumption is(please let me know if I am wrong!)



If $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$, then $left| Q_jright|<=left|S_jright|$



Now if that assumption is correct:



then choose $a=left|S_jright|$



and $b=left|Q_jright|$



Now if
$$a leq (1+e) b$$ for all e>0



then $$a leq b$$



proof: assume the opposite: $$b <a$$
then a-b>0, so we can choose $epsilon=a-b$



it the follows that $$a leq b$$ and we end up with a contradiction.



In other words:



$$left|S_jright|<=left| Q_jright|$$



Therefore,



$$left| S_jright| leq (1+e) left| Q_jright|$$



holds for a particular e and not for all if $Q_j$$subset$$S_j$



But this is then used later on in the proof, where they conclude with since e is arbitrary, but I have just shown that the equation does not hold for all e, and hence e is not arbitrary.



What am I doing wrong?









share|cite|improve this question










share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question









asked Aug 1 at 23:11









ALEXANDER

854818




854818






This question has an open bounty worth +50
reputation from ALEXANDER ending ending at 2018-08-11 01:49:01Z">in 3 days.


The current answers do not contain enough detail.








This question has an open bounty worth +50
reputation from ALEXANDER ending ending at 2018-08-11 01:49:01Z">in 3 days.


The current answers do not contain enough detail.













  • @ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
    – ALEXANDER
    Aug 1 at 23:26










  • I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
    – Theoretical Economist
    Aug 4 at 3:53
















  • @ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
    – ALEXANDER
    Aug 1 at 23:26










  • I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
    – Theoretical Economist
    Aug 4 at 3:53















@ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
– ALEXANDER
Aug 1 at 23:26




@ Theoretical Economist Please have a look.
– ALEXANDER
Aug 1 at 23:26












I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
– Theoretical Economist
Aug 4 at 3:53




I was not notified of this comment because I had not previously interacted with this post. In any case, the answer below appears adequate. I’m happy to try to help if you’re still unsure.
– Theoretical Economist
Aug 4 at 3:53










1 Answer
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The cube $S_j$ depends on $epsilon$: after fixing $epsilon>0$, you choose $S_j$ such that $Q_jsubseteq S_j$ and $|S_j|leq(1+epsilon)|Q_j|$. So we have a different $S_j$ for each choice of $epsilon$, and we do not conclude that $|S_j|=|Q_j|$ for any single one of these choices.



This does not change the fact that $epsilon$ is arbitrary, since we fix an arbitrary $epsilon$ first before we choose $S_j$. For any particular $epsilon$, it is possible to choose such an $S_j$.






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    The cube $S_j$ depends on $epsilon$: after fixing $epsilon>0$, you choose $S_j$ such that $Q_jsubseteq S_j$ and $|S_j|leq(1+epsilon)|Q_j|$. So we have a different $S_j$ for each choice of $epsilon$, and we do not conclude that $|S_j|=|Q_j|$ for any single one of these choices.



    This does not change the fact that $epsilon$ is arbitrary, since we fix an arbitrary $epsilon$ first before we choose $S_j$. For any particular $epsilon$, it is possible to choose such an $S_j$.






    share|cite|improve this answer

























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      down vote













      The cube $S_j$ depends on $epsilon$: after fixing $epsilon>0$, you choose $S_j$ such that $Q_jsubseteq S_j$ and $|S_j|leq(1+epsilon)|Q_j|$. So we have a different $S_j$ for each choice of $epsilon$, and we do not conclude that $|S_j|=|Q_j|$ for any single one of these choices.



      This does not change the fact that $epsilon$ is arbitrary, since we fix an arbitrary $epsilon$ first before we choose $S_j$. For any particular $epsilon$, it is possible to choose such an $S_j$.






      share|cite|improve this answer























        up vote
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        up vote
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        down vote









        The cube $S_j$ depends on $epsilon$: after fixing $epsilon>0$, you choose $S_j$ such that $Q_jsubseteq S_j$ and $|S_j|leq(1+epsilon)|Q_j|$. So we have a different $S_j$ for each choice of $epsilon$, and we do not conclude that $|S_j|=|Q_j|$ for any single one of these choices.



        This does not change the fact that $epsilon$ is arbitrary, since we fix an arbitrary $epsilon$ first before we choose $S_j$. For any particular $epsilon$, it is possible to choose such an $S_j$.






        share|cite|improve this answer













        The cube $S_j$ depends on $epsilon$: after fixing $epsilon>0$, you choose $S_j$ such that $Q_jsubseteq S_j$ and $|S_j|leq(1+epsilon)|Q_j|$. So we have a different $S_j$ for each choice of $epsilon$, and we do not conclude that $|S_j|=|Q_j|$ for any single one of these choices.



        This does not change the fact that $epsilon$ is arbitrary, since we fix an arbitrary $epsilon$ first before we choose $S_j$. For any particular $epsilon$, it is possible to choose such an $S_j$.







        share|cite|improve this answer













        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer











        answered Aug 1 at 23:16









        Eric Wofsey

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