Computing the determinant of a $4times4$ matrix
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Compute the determinant of beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix
My try:
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix_R_2rightarrow2R_2-R_1\R_3rightarrow R_3-R_1\R_4rightarrow2R_4+R_1$$
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 0 & 5 & -1 & -1 \ 0 & 2 & 0 & -4 \ 0 & 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix$$
Now I took $$beginvmatrix 5 & -1 & -1 \ 2 & 0 & -4 \ 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix=92$$
But the answer is $46$. Where did I go wrong?
linear-algebra
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up vote
2
down vote
favorite
Compute the determinant of beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix
My try:
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix_R_2rightarrow2R_2-R_1\R_3rightarrow R_3-R_1\R_4rightarrow2R_4+R_1$$
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 0 & 5 & -1 & -1 \ 0 & 2 & 0 & -4 \ 0 & 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix$$
Now I took $$beginvmatrix 5 & -1 & -1 \ 2 & 0 & -4 \ 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix=92$$
But the answer is $46$. Where did I go wrong?
linear-algebra
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
Compute the determinant of beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix
My try:
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix_R_2rightarrow2R_2-R_1\R_3rightarrow R_3-R_1\R_4rightarrow2R_4+R_1$$
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 0 & 5 & -1 & -1 \ 0 & 2 & 0 & -4 \ 0 & 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix$$
Now I took $$beginvmatrix 5 & -1 & -1 \ 2 & 0 & -4 \ 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix=92$$
But the answer is $46$. Where did I go wrong?
linear-algebra
Compute the determinant of beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix
My try:
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 \ 2 & 1 & 1 & -1 \ -1 & 1 & 2 & -2 endvmatrix_R_2rightarrow2R_2-R_1\R_3rightarrow R_3-R_1\R_4rightarrow2R_4+R_1$$
$$beginvmatrix 2 & -1 & 1 & 3 \ 0 & 5 & -1 & -1 \ 0 & 2 & 0 & -4 \ 0 & 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix$$
Now I took $$beginvmatrix 5 & -1 & -1 \ 2 & 0 & -4 \ 1 & 5 & -1 endvmatrix=92$$
But the answer is $46$. Where did I go wrong?
linear-algebra
asked Aug 2 at 15:27
philip
938
938
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4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
up vote
3
down vote
accepted
When doing some operations on rows and columns of a matrix you have to be pretty careful: remember that the determinant is a multilinear map in the rows and the columns so it follows that
Multiplying or dividing a row or a column by a scalar $lambda$, multiplies or divides the determinant by the same scalar $lambda$
So if $A$ is your initial matrix and $B$ is the matrix obtained by multiplying a column of $A$ by a scalar $lambda$ you have that $$det(B) = lambdadet(A)$$
So in your case you've done $2$ multiplications by $2$ then the determinant of your final matrix will be $4$ times the determinant of the initial matrix. So you have that your determinant will be $$92/4times 2 = 46$$
Obviously the times two is there for the Laplace expansion.
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
Because you multiplied the first and the third rows by 2 while making the row operations, hence the determinant you found is 4 times bigger than the determinant of the original matrix. So the answer is $frac92*24$=46.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
I'm sure this question has been asked and answered many times, but I can't find it.
You can add or subtract a multiple of another row to a given row, without changing the value of the determinant, so $$R_1=R_1+4R_2$$
is perfectly OK. When you multiply a row by $k$, you multiply the determinant by $k$. When you do $$R_2=2R_2-R_1$$ you are really doing two operations. First, you multiply row $2$ by $2$, then you subtract row $1$ from row $2$. The effect of this is to multiply the determinant by $2$.
It's fine to do these operations, as long as you keep track of them, so you can adjust the value of the determinant at the end.
The second mistake you made is at the end. Because of the $2$ in the $(1,1)$ position, you should have multiplied the $3times3$ by $2$ giving $184$, which is $4$ times the true value. This is because you performed that "row-doubling" operation twice.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
You multiplied two rows by two, so your answer (184) is 4 times greater than the actual determinant. This video may help.
add a comment |Â
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
3
down vote
accepted
When doing some operations on rows and columns of a matrix you have to be pretty careful: remember that the determinant is a multilinear map in the rows and the columns so it follows that
Multiplying or dividing a row or a column by a scalar $lambda$, multiplies or divides the determinant by the same scalar $lambda$
So if $A$ is your initial matrix and $B$ is the matrix obtained by multiplying a column of $A$ by a scalar $lambda$ you have that $$det(B) = lambdadet(A)$$
So in your case you've done $2$ multiplications by $2$ then the determinant of your final matrix will be $4$ times the determinant of the initial matrix. So you have that your determinant will be $$92/4times 2 = 46$$
Obviously the times two is there for the Laplace expansion.
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
3
down vote
accepted
When doing some operations on rows and columns of a matrix you have to be pretty careful: remember that the determinant is a multilinear map in the rows and the columns so it follows that
Multiplying or dividing a row or a column by a scalar $lambda$, multiplies or divides the determinant by the same scalar $lambda$
So if $A$ is your initial matrix and $B$ is the matrix obtained by multiplying a column of $A$ by a scalar $lambda$ you have that $$det(B) = lambdadet(A)$$
So in your case you've done $2$ multiplications by $2$ then the determinant of your final matrix will be $4$ times the determinant of the initial matrix. So you have that your determinant will be $$92/4times 2 = 46$$
Obviously the times two is there for the Laplace expansion.
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
3
down vote
accepted
up vote
3
down vote
accepted
When doing some operations on rows and columns of a matrix you have to be pretty careful: remember that the determinant is a multilinear map in the rows and the columns so it follows that
Multiplying or dividing a row or a column by a scalar $lambda$, multiplies or divides the determinant by the same scalar $lambda$
So if $A$ is your initial matrix and $B$ is the matrix obtained by multiplying a column of $A$ by a scalar $lambda$ you have that $$det(B) = lambdadet(A)$$
So in your case you've done $2$ multiplications by $2$ then the determinant of your final matrix will be $4$ times the determinant of the initial matrix. So you have that your determinant will be $$92/4times 2 = 46$$
Obviously the times two is there for the Laplace expansion.
When doing some operations on rows and columns of a matrix you have to be pretty careful: remember that the determinant is a multilinear map in the rows and the columns so it follows that
Multiplying or dividing a row or a column by a scalar $lambda$, multiplies or divides the determinant by the same scalar $lambda$
So if $A$ is your initial matrix and $B$ is the matrix obtained by multiplying a column of $A$ by a scalar $lambda$ you have that $$det(B) = lambdadet(A)$$
So in your case you've done $2$ multiplications by $2$ then the determinant of your final matrix will be $4$ times the determinant of the initial matrix. So you have that your determinant will be $$92/4times 2 = 46$$
Obviously the times two is there for the Laplace expansion.
edited Aug 2 at 15:45
answered Aug 2 at 15:41
Davide Morgante
1,634220
1,634220
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
add a comment |Â
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
1
1
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
(96/4)*2 = 48 …
– current_user
Aug 2 at 15:44
1
1
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@current_user Yeah, just mistyped a LOT! ahah thanks
– Davide Morgante
Aug 2 at 15:45
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
@DavideMorgante why did you multiply $dfrac924$ with $2$
– philip
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
As I said in the post is for the Laplace expansion: you're expanding your determinant on the first column so, with alternating signs, you multiply the determinant of the minors (that are found taking away the row and the column of a chosen element) by the element that identify the minor. In your case 3 out of 4 elements are zeros so the determinant of that minors is zero and the first one is 2 so the determinant has to be multiplied by 2
– Davide Morgante
12 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
Because you multiplied the first and the third rows by 2 while making the row operations, hence the determinant you found is 4 times bigger than the determinant of the original matrix. So the answer is $frac92*24$=46.
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
Because you multiplied the first and the third rows by 2 while making the row operations, hence the determinant you found is 4 times bigger than the determinant of the original matrix. So the answer is $frac92*24$=46.
add a comment |Â
up vote
2
down vote
up vote
2
down vote
Because you multiplied the first and the third rows by 2 while making the row operations, hence the determinant you found is 4 times bigger than the determinant of the original matrix. So the answer is $frac92*24$=46.
Because you multiplied the first and the third rows by 2 while making the row operations, hence the determinant you found is 4 times bigger than the determinant of the original matrix. So the answer is $frac92*24$=46.
answered Aug 2 at 15:39
Mark
5949
5949
add a comment |Â
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
I'm sure this question has been asked and answered many times, but I can't find it.
You can add or subtract a multiple of another row to a given row, without changing the value of the determinant, so $$R_1=R_1+4R_2$$
is perfectly OK. When you multiply a row by $k$, you multiply the determinant by $k$. When you do $$R_2=2R_2-R_1$$ you are really doing two operations. First, you multiply row $2$ by $2$, then you subtract row $1$ from row $2$. The effect of this is to multiply the determinant by $2$.
It's fine to do these operations, as long as you keep track of them, so you can adjust the value of the determinant at the end.
The second mistake you made is at the end. Because of the $2$ in the $(1,1)$ position, you should have multiplied the $3times3$ by $2$ giving $184$, which is $4$ times the true value. This is because you performed that "row-doubling" operation twice.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
I'm sure this question has been asked and answered many times, but I can't find it.
You can add or subtract a multiple of another row to a given row, without changing the value of the determinant, so $$R_1=R_1+4R_2$$
is perfectly OK. When you multiply a row by $k$, you multiply the determinant by $k$. When you do $$R_2=2R_2-R_1$$ you are really doing two operations. First, you multiply row $2$ by $2$, then you subtract row $1$ from row $2$. The effect of this is to multiply the determinant by $2$.
It's fine to do these operations, as long as you keep track of them, so you can adjust the value of the determinant at the end.
The second mistake you made is at the end. Because of the $2$ in the $(1,1)$ position, you should have multiplied the $3times3$ by $2$ giving $184$, which is $4$ times the true value. This is because you performed that "row-doubling" operation twice.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
up vote
1
down vote
I'm sure this question has been asked and answered many times, but I can't find it.
You can add or subtract a multiple of another row to a given row, without changing the value of the determinant, so $$R_1=R_1+4R_2$$
is perfectly OK. When you multiply a row by $k$, you multiply the determinant by $k$. When you do $$R_2=2R_2-R_1$$ you are really doing two operations. First, you multiply row $2$ by $2$, then you subtract row $1$ from row $2$. The effect of this is to multiply the determinant by $2$.
It's fine to do these operations, as long as you keep track of them, so you can adjust the value of the determinant at the end.
The second mistake you made is at the end. Because of the $2$ in the $(1,1)$ position, you should have multiplied the $3times3$ by $2$ giving $184$, which is $4$ times the true value. This is because you performed that "row-doubling" operation twice.
I'm sure this question has been asked and answered many times, but I can't find it.
You can add or subtract a multiple of another row to a given row, without changing the value of the determinant, so $$R_1=R_1+4R_2$$
is perfectly OK. When you multiply a row by $k$, you multiply the determinant by $k$. When you do $$R_2=2R_2-R_1$$ you are really doing two operations. First, you multiply row $2$ by $2$, then you subtract row $1$ from row $2$. The effect of this is to multiply the determinant by $2$.
It's fine to do these operations, as long as you keep track of them, so you can adjust the value of the determinant at the end.
The second mistake you made is at the end. Because of the $2$ in the $(1,1)$ position, you should have multiplied the $3times3$ by $2$ giving $184$, which is $4$ times the true value. This is because you performed that "row-doubling" operation twice.
answered Aug 2 at 15:40


saulspatz
10.5k21324
10.5k21324
add a comment |Â
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
You multiplied two rows by two, so your answer (184) is 4 times greater than the actual determinant. This video may help.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
You multiplied two rows by two, so your answer (184) is 4 times greater than the actual determinant. This video may help.
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
up vote
1
down vote
You multiplied two rows by two, so your answer (184) is 4 times greater than the actual determinant. This video may help.
You multiplied two rows by two, so your answer (184) is 4 times greater than the actual determinant. This video may help.
answered Aug 2 at 15:41
Meeta Jo
1418
1418
add a comment |Â
add a comment |Â
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