Transitive action of $H^2(M;Bbb Z)$ on $Spin^c$ structures over $M$

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I’ve a problem understanding why the action of the second cohomology group (integer coefficients) of an oriented smooth manifold $M$ is free and transitive on the set of $Spin^c$. I’m following these notes on the nLab (Prop D.43) but they dont prove that the action is transitive.



For every two $Spin^c$-structure on $M$, say $P,P’$ the author constructs a chern class $delta$ (Distinguishing chern class) and then claim that $$P’cong Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$$ where $K=ker picolon Spin^c(n)to SO(n)$ and $U(Bbb L_delta)$ is the $S^1$-bundle over $M$ associated to the chern class $delta$.



how can I start building a map between $P’$ and $Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$ for example?



I'm aware that this question is somehow technical, but i can’t find any resource spelling out the details of transitiveness and freenes of such action.







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    up vote
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    favorite
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    I’ve a problem understanding why the action of the second cohomology group (integer coefficients) of an oriented smooth manifold $M$ is free and transitive on the set of $Spin^c$. I’m following these notes on the nLab (Prop D.43) but they dont prove that the action is transitive.



    For every two $Spin^c$-structure on $M$, say $P,P’$ the author constructs a chern class $delta$ (Distinguishing chern class) and then claim that $$P’cong Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$$ where $K=ker picolon Spin^c(n)to SO(n)$ and $U(Bbb L_delta)$ is the $S^1$-bundle over $M$ associated to the chern class $delta$.



    how can I start building a map between $P’$ and $Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$ for example?



    I'm aware that this question is somehow technical, but i can’t find any resource spelling out the details of transitiveness and freenes of such action.







    share|cite|improve this question























      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite
      2









      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite
      2






      2





      I’ve a problem understanding why the action of the second cohomology group (integer coefficients) of an oriented smooth manifold $M$ is free and transitive on the set of $Spin^c$. I’m following these notes on the nLab (Prop D.43) but they dont prove that the action is transitive.



      For every two $Spin^c$-structure on $M$, say $P,P’$ the author constructs a chern class $delta$ (Distinguishing chern class) and then claim that $$P’cong Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$$ where $K=ker picolon Spin^c(n)to SO(n)$ and $U(Bbb L_delta)$ is the $S^1$-bundle over $M$ associated to the chern class $delta$.



      how can I start building a map between $P’$ and $Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$ for example?



      I'm aware that this question is somehow technical, but i can’t find any resource spelling out the details of transitiveness and freenes of such action.







      share|cite|improve this question













      I’ve a problem understanding why the action of the second cohomology group (integer coefficients) of an oriented smooth manifold $M$ is free and transitive on the set of $Spin^c$. I’m following these notes on the nLab (Prop D.43) but they dont prove that the action is transitive.



      For every two $Spin^c$-structure on $M$, say $P,P’$ the author constructs a chern class $delta$ (Distinguishing chern class) and then claim that $$P’cong Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$$ where $K=ker picolon Spin^c(n)to SO(n)$ and $U(Bbb L_delta)$ is the $S^1$-bundle over $M$ associated to the chern class $delta$.



      how can I start building a map between $P’$ and $Ptimes_K U(Bbb L_delta)$ for example?



      I'm aware that this question is somehow technical, but i can’t find any resource spelling out the details of transitiveness and freenes of such action.









      share|cite|improve this question












      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question








      edited Jul 18 at 19:44
























      asked Jul 18 at 18:37









      Luigi M

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          You consider the fiber sequence $BbbCP^infty to BtextSpin^c(n) to BSO(n).$ Things are easiest if you choose a model of this fibration in which $BbbCP^infty$ is a group, and this is a principal $G$-bundle.




          A brief point on principal bundles: given a principal $G$-bundle $P to B$, there is an associated bundle of groups, $textAut(P)$; there is an isomorphism of groups $textAut(P)_x cong G$ (an automorphism of the $G$-set $P_x$ is given by right-multiplication by some element of $G$). This bundle is not necessarily trivial, but if $P$ had transition functions $rho_alpha beta: U_alpha beta to G$ acting on elements of $G$ by left-multiplication, then the transition functions for $textAut(P)$ act on elements by conjugation by $rho_alpha beta$ instead of left multiplication. In particular, if $G$ is abelian, this bundle is trivial, and sections of $textAut(P)$ are just maps $B to G$.



          Now, given two sections $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ of $P$, there is an automorphism $g$ of $P$ determined by sending $sigma_1(x)g(x) = sigma_2(x)$. Because both $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ are continuous sections, as is the inversion operation in $G$, so too is $g: B to textAut(P)$ continuous. We see that $Gamma(P)$ is acted on simply transitively by $Gamma(textAut(P))$ - provided $Gamma(P)$ is nonempty. When $G$ is abelian, $Gamma(textAut(P)) = textMap(M, G)$, as above.




          Suppose you have an oriented vector bundle $E$ (coded by a map $f: X to BSO(n)$), $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ are the same thing as lifts to $tilde f: X to BtextSpin^c(n)$. This is the same as the space of sections of a principal $BbbCP^infty$-bundle written $textSpin^c(E)$, the bundle whose fiber above $x$ is the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E_x$ (this is the pullback to $X$ of the fiber sequence in the first line of this answer). What was written above is that picking an element of $Gamma(textSpin^c(E))$ gives a canonical bijection with $textMap(X, BbbCP^infty)$. (Of course, this is assuming there exists a $textspin^c$ structure on $E$!)



          Passing to homotopy classes, we see that the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ up to isomorphism is acted on simply transitively by $[X, BbbCP^infty] = [X, K(Bbb Z,2)] = H^2(X;Bbb Z)$, assuming there was a $textspin^c$ structure to begin with.



          Another argument (essentially the same as this) runs through obstruction theory, which determines whether or not lifts exist and how many they are; the point being that $H^n(X;pi_n F)$ is zero only for $n = 2$, where we get $H^2(X;Bbb Z)$. The existence of a lift is determined by a class in $H^3(X;Bbb Z)$, which turns out to be $beta w_2(E)$, where $beta$ is the Bockstein map.






          share|cite|improve this answer



















          • 1




            To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 18 at 21:59










          • I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 0:41






          • 1




            @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 0:53






          • 1




            I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 1:23











          • Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 2:37










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          You consider the fiber sequence $BbbCP^infty to BtextSpin^c(n) to BSO(n).$ Things are easiest if you choose a model of this fibration in which $BbbCP^infty$ is a group, and this is a principal $G$-bundle.




          A brief point on principal bundles: given a principal $G$-bundle $P to B$, there is an associated bundle of groups, $textAut(P)$; there is an isomorphism of groups $textAut(P)_x cong G$ (an automorphism of the $G$-set $P_x$ is given by right-multiplication by some element of $G$). This bundle is not necessarily trivial, but if $P$ had transition functions $rho_alpha beta: U_alpha beta to G$ acting on elements of $G$ by left-multiplication, then the transition functions for $textAut(P)$ act on elements by conjugation by $rho_alpha beta$ instead of left multiplication. In particular, if $G$ is abelian, this bundle is trivial, and sections of $textAut(P)$ are just maps $B to G$.



          Now, given two sections $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ of $P$, there is an automorphism $g$ of $P$ determined by sending $sigma_1(x)g(x) = sigma_2(x)$. Because both $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ are continuous sections, as is the inversion operation in $G$, so too is $g: B to textAut(P)$ continuous. We see that $Gamma(P)$ is acted on simply transitively by $Gamma(textAut(P))$ - provided $Gamma(P)$ is nonempty. When $G$ is abelian, $Gamma(textAut(P)) = textMap(M, G)$, as above.




          Suppose you have an oriented vector bundle $E$ (coded by a map $f: X to BSO(n)$), $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ are the same thing as lifts to $tilde f: X to BtextSpin^c(n)$. This is the same as the space of sections of a principal $BbbCP^infty$-bundle written $textSpin^c(E)$, the bundle whose fiber above $x$ is the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E_x$ (this is the pullback to $X$ of the fiber sequence in the first line of this answer). What was written above is that picking an element of $Gamma(textSpin^c(E))$ gives a canonical bijection with $textMap(X, BbbCP^infty)$. (Of course, this is assuming there exists a $textspin^c$ structure on $E$!)



          Passing to homotopy classes, we see that the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ up to isomorphism is acted on simply transitively by $[X, BbbCP^infty] = [X, K(Bbb Z,2)] = H^2(X;Bbb Z)$, assuming there was a $textspin^c$ structure to begin with.



          Another argument (essentially the same as this) runs through obstruction theory, which determines whether or not lifts exist and how many they are; the point being that $H^n(X;pi_n F)$ is zero only for $n = 2$, where we get $H^2(X;Bbb Z)$. The existence of a lift is determined by a class in $H^3(X;Bbb Z)$, which turns out to be $beta w_2(E)$, where $beta$ is the Bockstein map.






          share|cite|improve this answer



















          • 1




            To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 18 at 21:59










          • I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 0:41






          • 1




            @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 0:53






          • 1




            I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 1:23











          • Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 2:37














          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted










          You consider the fiber sequence $BbbCP^infty to BtextSpin^c(n) to BSO(n).$ Things are easiest if you choose a model of this fibration in which $BbbCP^infty$ is a group, and this is a principal $G$-bundle.




          A brief point on principal bundles: given a principal $G$-bundle $P to B$, there is an associated bundle of groups, $textAut(P)$; there is an isomorphism of groups $textAut(P)_x cong G$ (an automorphism of the $G$-set $P_x$ is given by right-multiplication by some element of $G$). This bundle is not necessarily trivial, but if $P$ had transition functions $rho_alpha beta: U_alpha beta to G$ acting on elements of $G$ by left-multiplication, then the transition functions for $textAut(P)$ act on elements by conjugation by $rho_alpha beta$ instead of left multiplication. In particular, if $G$ is abelian, this bundle is trivial, and sections of $textAut(P)$ are just maps $B to G$.



          Now, given two sections $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ of $P$, there is an automorphism $g$ of $P$ determined by sending $sigma_1(x)g(x) = sigma_2(x)$. Because both $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ are continuous sections, as is the inversion operation in $G$, so too is $g: B to textAut(P)$ continuous. We see that $Gamma(P)$ is acted on simply transitively by $Gamma(textAut(P))$ - provided $Gamma(P)$ is nonempty. When $G$ is abelian, $Gamma(textAut(P)) = textMap(M, G)$, as above.




          Suppose you have an oriented vector bundle $E$ (coded by a map $f: X to BSO(n)$), $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ are the same thing as lifts to $tilde f: X to BtextSpin^c(n)$. This is the same as the space of sections of a principal $BbbCP^infty$-bundle written $textSpin^c(E)$, the bundle whose fiber above $x$ is the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E_x$ (this is the pullback to $X$ of the fiber sequence in the first line of this answer). What was written above is that picking an element of $Gamma(textSpin^c(E))$ gives a canonical bijection with $textMap(X, BbbCP^infty)$. (Of course, this is assuming there exists a $textspin^c$ structure on $E$!)



          Passing to homotopy classes, we see that the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ up to isomorphism is acted on simply transitively by $[X, BbbCP^infty] = [X, K(Bbb Z,2)] = H^2(X;Bbb Z)$, assuming there was a $textspin^c$ structure to begin with.



          Another argument (essentially the same as this) runs through obstruction theory, which determines whether or not lifts exist and how many they are; the point being that $H^n(X;pi_n F)$ is zero only for $n = 2$, where we get $H^2(X;Bbb Z)$. The existence of a lift is determined by a class in $H^3(X;Bbb Z)$, which turns out to be $beta w_2(E)$, where $beta$ is the Bockstein map.






          share|cite|improve this answer



















          • 1




            To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 18 at 21:59










          • I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 0:41






          • 1




            @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 0:53






          • 1




            I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 1:23











          • Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 2:37












          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted







          up vote
          4
          down vote



          accepted






          You consider the fiber sequence $BbbCP^infty to BtextSpin^c(n) to BSO(n).$ Things are easiest if you choose a model of this fibration in which $BbbCP^infty$ is a group, and this is a principal $G$-bundle.




          A brief point on principal bundles: given a principal $G$-bundle $P to B$, there is an associated bundle of groups, $textAut(P)$; there is an isomorphism of groups $textAut(P)_x cong G$ (an automorphism of the $G$-set $P_x$ is given by right-multiplication by some element of $G$). This bundle is not necessarily trivial, but if $P$ had transition functions $rho_alpha beta: U_alpha beta to G$ acting on elements of $G$ by left-multiplication, then the transition functions for $textAut(P)$ act on elements by conjugation by $rho_alpha beta$ instead of left multiplication. In particular, if $G$ is abelian, this bundle is trivial, and sections of $textAut(P)$ are just maps $B to G$.



          Now, given two sections $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ of $P$, there is an automorphism $g$ of $P$ determined by sending $sigma_1(x)g(x) = sigma_2(x)$. Because both $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ are continuous sections, as is the inversion operation in $G$, so too is $g: B to textAut(P)$ continuous. We see that $Gamma(P)$ is acted on simply transitively by $Gamma(textAut(P))$ - provided $Gamma(P)$ is nonempty. When $G$ is abelian, $Gamma(textAut(P)) = textMap(M, G)$, as above.




          Suppose you have an oriented vector bundle $E$ (coded by a map $f: X to BSO(n)$), $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ are the same thing as lifts to $tilde f: X to BtextSpin^c(n)$. This is the same as the space of sections of a principal $BbbCP^infty$-bundle written $textSpin^c(E)$, the bundle whose fiber above $x$ is the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E_x$ (this is the pullback to $X$ of the fiber sequence in the first line of this answer). What was written above is that picking an element of $Gamma(textSpin^c(E))$ gives a canonical bijection with $textMap(X, BbbCP^infty)$. (Of course, this is assuming there exists a $textspin^c$ structure on $E$!)



          Passing to homotopy classes, we see that the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ up to isomorphism is acted on simply transitively by $[X, BbbCP^infty] = [X, K(Bbb Z,2)] = H^2(X;Bbb Z)$, assuming there was a $textspin^c$ structure to begin with.



          Another argument (essentially the same as this) runs through obstruction theory, which determines whether or not lifts exist and how many they are; the point being that $H^n(X;pi_n F)$ is zero only for $n = 2$, where we get $H^2(X;Bbb Z)$. The existence of a lift is determined by a class in $H^3(X;Bbb Z)$, which turns out to be $beta w_2(E)$, where $beta$ is the Bockstein map.






          share|cite|improve this answer















          You consider the fiber sequence $BbbCP^infty to BtextSpin^c(n) to BSO(n).$ Things are easiest if you choose a model of this fibration in which $BbbCP^infty$ is a group, and this is a principal $G$-bundle.




          A brief point on principal bundles: given a principal $G$-bundle $P to B$, there is an associated bundle of groups, $textAut(P)$; there is an isomorphism of groups $textAut(P)_x cong G$ (an automorphism of the $G$-set $P_x$ is given by right-multiplication by some element of $G$). This bundle is not necessarily trivial, but if $P$ had transition functions $rho_alpha beta: U_alpha beta to G$ acting on elements of $G$ by left-multiplication, then the transition functions for $textAut(P)$ act on elements by conjugation by $rho_alpha beta$ instead of left multiplication. In particular, if $G$ is abelian, this bundle is trivial, and sections of $textAut(P)$ are just maps $B to G$.



          Now, given two sections $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ of $P$, there is an automorphism $g$ of $P$ determined by sending $sigma_1(x)g(x) = sigma_2(x)$. Because both $sigma_1$ and $sigma_2$ are continuous sections, as is the inversion operation in $G$, so too is $g: B to textAut(P)$ continuous. We see that $Gamma(P)$ is acted on simply transitively by $Gamma(textAut(P))$ - provided $Gamma(P)$ is nonempty. When $G$ is abelian, $Gamma(textAut(P)) = textMap(M, G)$, as above.




          Suppose you have an oriented vector bundle $E$ (coded by a map $f: X to BSO(n)$), $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ are the same thing as lifts to $tilde f: X to BtextSpin^c(n)$. This is the same as the space of sections of a principal $BbbCP^infty$-bundle written $textSpin^c(E)$, the bundle whose fiber above $x$ is the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E_x$ (this is the pullback to $X$ of the fiber sequence in the first line of this answer). What was written above is that picking an element of $Gamma(textSpin^c(E))$ gives a canonical bijection with $textMap(X, BbbCP^infty)$. (Of course, this is assuming there exists a $textspin^c$ structure on $E$!)



          Passing to homotopy classes, we see that the space of $textspin^c$ structures on $E$ up to isomorphism is acted on simply transitively by $[X, BbbCP^infty] = [X, K(Bbb Z,2)] = H^2(X;Bbb Z)$, assuming there was a $textspin^c$ structure to begin with.



          Another argument (essentially the same as this) runs through obstruction theory, which determines whether or not lifts exist and how many they are; the point being that $H^n(X;pi_n F)$ is zero only for $n = 2$, where we get $H^2(X;Bbb Z)$. The existence of a lift is determined by a class in $H^3(X;Bbb Z)$, which turns out to be $beta w_2(E)$, where $beta$ is the Bockstein map.







          share|cite|improve this answer















          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer








          edited Jul 19 at 1:23


























          answered Jul 18 at 20:51









          Mike Miller

          33.9k364128




          33.9k364128







          • 1




            To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 18 at 21:59










          • I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 0:41






          • 1




            @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 0:53






          • 1




            I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 1:23











          • Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 2:37












          • 1




            To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 18 at 21:59










          • I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 0:41






          • 1




            @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 0:53






          • 1




            I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
            – Mike Miller
            Jul 19 at 1:23











          • Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
            – Luigi M
            Jul 19 at 2:37







          1




          1




          To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 18 at 21:59




          To be clear, this assumes the existence of a lift in the first place: you can't act on the empty space.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 18 at 21:59












          I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
          – Luigi M
          Jul 19 at 0:41




          I guess my problem was "Two sections of a principal bundle differ by multiplication by a map to $G$" I didn't know this result
          – Luigi M
          Jul 19 at 0:41




          1




          1




          @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 19 at 0:53




          @LuigiM I should edit my answer: that is not true as phrased. That is true here because $G$ is abelian (many arguments; it is $BG$ for $G$ a commutative group, you can explicitly write $BbbCP^infty$ as the projectivization of the field $Bbb C(x)$, and it inherits a group structure from that...). In general you differ by a section of $textAut(P)$.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 19 at 0:53




          1




          1




          I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 19 at 1:23





          I have edited and rephrased the answer in more bundle-theoretic language.
          – Mike Miller
          Jul 19 at 1:23













          Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
          – Luigi M
          Jul 19 at 2:37




          Thanks a lot! That's an impressive answer. I'll meditate on that a little bit before accepting it:)
          – Luigi M
          Jul 19 at 2:37












           

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